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You know that it’s important to eat a healthy, balanced diet with all the nutrients that your body needs. A poor diet lacking in essential vitamins and minerals can lead to serious health problems.

Here are warning signs of serious malnutrition that warrant a visit with your doctor and prompt treatment:
Losing consciousness or fainting.
Lack of menstrual periods in pre-menopausal women.
Stunted growth in children.
Sudden loss of hair.

Inappropriate clothing can limit or prevent young children’s outdoor physical activity, a U.S. study has found.

Researchers looked at 53 child-care providers from 34 child-care centers in Cincinnati to determine why children’s physical activity levels may vary across centers. They were surprised to find that clothing could be a major barrier to outdoor activity.

Clothing that limited or prevented outdoor activity included: inadequate weather protection, such as a lack of coats and gloves in the winter; unsuitable footwear, such as flip flops; and “nice” or expensive outfits that had to be treated with care.

Having a few children with inappropriate clothing could prevent an entire day-care class from going outside to play, the researchers said.

Children’s clothing choices were a significant source of conflict between parents and child-care providers, the study authors noted. Reasons why parents may dress children inappropriately include: forgetfulness, a hectic morning routine, limited income to buy clothes, a child’s preference for a favorite piece of clothing, and parents failing to understand the importance of outdoor play.

Low-level laser therapy appears to ease a common form of neck pain, a review of studies finds.

“It is effective against non-specific pain arising from the muscles and the joints, where there is not a clear cause, such as a herniated disc,” said Jan M. Bjordal, a professor of physiotherapy at Bergen University College in Norway and a member of an international team reporting the review in the Nov. 13 online issue of The Lancet.

The group, led by Dr. Roberta Chow of the Brain and Mind Research Institute at the University of Sydney in Australia, surveyed data from 16 controlled trials with a total of 820 people treated for neck pain, using a 100-point scale to determine the difference between results of different treatments.

There were two trials for acute neck pain. Those who received low-level laser therapy, in which a beam of focused radiation in the infrared to visual light portion of the spectrum is aimed at the painful area of the neck, were 70 percent more likely to report reduced pain than those given placebo treatment with a beam of ordinary light, the report said.

Five trials with people suffering chronic, persistent neck pain found that those who got laser treatment were four times more likely to have reduced pain compared with placebo. In 11 trials of chronic pain, 20-point reductions were reported by people given laser therapy.

Seven of those trials provided follow-up data for as long as 22 weeks. Pain relief persisted, with few or no side effects reported.

“The results of low-level laser therapy in this review compare favorably with other widely used therapies, and especially with pharmacological interventions, for which evidence is sparse and side effects are common,” the journal report said.

“The effects turned out to be fairly good,” Bjordal said. “We think it is a combination of mechanisms, and we can’t say which is more important. We think that an anti-inflammatory effect is one of the mechanisms that are involved.”

Neck pain is predicted to be a medical problem of increasing importance in the United States and other countries because of a growing population of older people, so a treatment that does not require drugs and has no apparent side effects is attractive.

But it’s necessary to be cautious about the reported results, said Dr. Andrew Sherman, head of medical rehabilitation at the Spine Institute at the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine.

“It is true that neck pain is an increasingly difficult problem in our society,” Sherman said. “Such a problem is best treated with a large-population, double-blind placebo-controlled study.”

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved a laser device for treating neck pain. But that approval differs from approval of a medication, which requires poof that the drug is safe and effective. Device approval indicates only that the technology is safe.

Medical insurance coverage of laser therapy for pain differs from country to country, Bjordal said. “In some countries, it gets reimbursed if done by physical therapists,” he said. In others, it is not covered. In the United States, Medicare does not cover the laser therapy.

It is often assumed that the schoolyard is where bullies go to make other kids miserable, but a new study suggests that classrooms are another popular site.

The study, presented recently at the American Public Health Association’s annual meeting in Philadelphia, is based on survey results from more than 10,000 middle-school students who anonymously answered questions online.

Of those surveyed, 43 percent said they’d been physically bullied within the last month. A bit more than half said they’d been teased in an unfriendly way, and half reported being called hurtful names.

About one-third said groups had excluded them to hurt their feelings. Twenty-eight percent said their belongings had been taken or broken; 21 percent said someone threatened to hurt them. According to the results, two-thirds of the students said they’d been bullied in more than one way over the previous month.

The study authors noted that 8 percent of respondents said they’d skipped school at least once during the school year because of fear of being bullied. Twenty-five percent said they’d taken other actions, such as skipping recess, not going to the bathroom or lunch, skipping classes, or avoiding some area of the school to avoid encountering a bully.

Bullies did much of their intimidating in the classroom, lunchroom and school hallways, the researchers found. Those who were bullied in the classroom felt more threatened and unsafe on campus than other students.

“These findings show that it is erroneous to think of the classroom as a safe haven from bullying and to think that more remote or less-monitored areas of school are necessarily the greatest risk for students,” H. Wesley Perkins, lead researcher on the study, said in a news release.